The types and structures of surfactants and auxiliaries are closely related

2022-10-28 16:46:27

Defoaming effect can be divided into two types: foam breaking and foam inhibiting. The substance with foam breaking ability is called foam breaking agent. An effective defoamer should not only break the foam quickly, but also prevent the formation of foam for a long time. Washing and decontamination are the basic characteristics of surfactants, which are widely used and have practical significance. The process of washing and decontamination is extremely complex, which is closely related to the types of dirt, basic properties, types and structures of surfactants and additives. The process is a combination of various surface phenomena, such as adsorption, wetting, penetration, emulsification, dispersion, foam and solubilization under different conditions. Classification of cosmetics Cosmetics can clean, protect and beautify the human face, skin surface, hair and mouth. Cosmetics have a variety of varieties and different classification methods. It can be divided into cosmetics for skin, cosmetics for hair, cosmetics for nails and cosmetics for oral cavity. According to the purpose of use, it can be divided into: cleaning cosmetics, basic protection cosmetics, beauty cosmetics and aromatic products. It can also be classified according to the dosage form of cosmetics.

The raw materials of cosmetics There are many kinds of raw materials used in the manufacture of cosmetics. According to statistics, there are about 3000 kinds of raw materials. According to the proportion of cosmetic raw materials in cosmetics, it can be divided into matrix raw materials and matching raw materials. Matrix raw materials are the main body for preparing various cosmetics, and also become the basic raw materials. Grease of cream type, talcum powder of fragrant powder type, etc. are all matrix materials; Compounding materials are auxiliary materials used to improve some properties of cosmetics and give color and fragrance, such as emulsifiers, antioxidants and preservatives in creams.

Generally, the process of dispersing particles or droplets of a substance and its tiny form into another medium is called dispersion. The obtained homogeneous and stable system is called dispersion. Emulsion is a process in which a liquid is uniformly dispersed into another immiscible liquid medium in the form of tiny droplets or liquid crystals to form a stable multiphase dispersion system.

After the surfactant forms micelles in the aqueous solution, it has the ability to significantly increase the solubility of insoluble or slightly soluble organic compounds, and the solution is transparent. This effect is called solubilization. The bubble aggregate separated by liquid film or solid film is called foam, which can be divided into liquid foam and solid foam. In liquid foam, the interface between liquid and gas plays a major role. Generally speaking, when the surface tension is low and the film strength is high, both stable foam and unstable foam have better foaming power. The viscosity of the solution has two effects on the stability of foam: on the one hand, it increases the strength of foam liquid film; In addition, the surface viscosity is large, and the membrane liquid is not easy to flow and discharge, which delays the rupture of the liquid film and enhances the stability of the foam.

Although the proportion of ingredients in cosmetics is small, it has a great impact on the quality of cosmetics. There is no absolute limit between them. One kind of raw material plays the role of matrix raw material in cosmetics, while another may only play the role of auxiliary raw material. 4.1 Matrix raw materials 1) Oils and oils are the basic raw materials of cream cosmetics, mainly for skin care, smoothing and moisturizing. Fatty acid glycerides are the main components of animal and vegetable oils. Those that are liquid at room temperature are called oils, and those that are solid are called lipids.